Procedures for obtaining Muscle Physiology Parameters during a Gracilis Free-Functioning Muscle Transfer in Adult Patients with Brachial Plexus Injury
This article presents a comprehensive guide for intraoperative, in vivo measurement of whole muscle-tendon parameters, including muscle-tendon unit length, sarcomere length, passive tension, and active tension. By obtaining these rare experimental data in situ, along with muscle volume and weight, this protocol enables a complete understanding of muscle mechanics for accurate modeling of human muscle function for studying human locomotion and evaluating surgical interventions.








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